Infecciones parasitarias en las etapas tempranas de producción de peces: una revisión

Ricardo Alejandro Pérez-Lizama; Jesús Genaro Sánchez Martínez; Roberto Pérez-Castañeda; María de la Luz Vázquez-Sauceda; Zeferino Blanco-Martinez; Flaviano Benavides-González; Pablo González-Alanis; Jaime Luis Rábago-Castro

doi:10.29059/cvpa.v4i1.45

Infecciones parasitarias en las etapas tempranas de producción de peces: una revisión

Autores/as

Ricardo Alejandro Pérez-Lizama Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas, México. https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7837-2116
Jesús Genaro Sánchez-Martínez Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas, México. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7410-8071
Roberto Pérez-Castañeda Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas, México. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6602-3633
María de la Luz Vázquez-Sauceda Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas, México. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6988-3281
Zeferino Blanco-Martinez Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas, México. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0402-7123
Flaviano Benavides-González Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas, México. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2972-6089
Pablo González-Alanis Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas, México. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0777-1847
Jaime Luis Rábago-Castro Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas, México. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0618-0490

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29059/cvpa.v4i1.45

Palabras clave:

acuacultura, alevines, helmintos, protozoarios

Resumen

Las infecciones parasitarias representan una limitante sanitaria clave en la producción acuícola intensiva, especialmente en etapas tempranas del ciclo de vida de los peces. La alta densidad, el estrés ambiental y la inmadurez inmunológica aumentan la susceptibilidad a protozoarios y helmintos con ciclos directos o indirectos. Esta revisión analiza los principales grupos de parásitos presentes en hatcheries (criaderos de peces) y sistemas de cría: ciliados, dinoflagelados, monogéneos, mixosporidios, tremátodos digéneos y céstodos. Se examinan su prevalencia, estacionalidad, transmisión y efectos patológicos en alevines, crías y reproductores. Los sistemas cerrados reducen el riesgo de parásitos heteroxenos, mientras que los estanques rústicos favorecen su transmisión por hospederos intermediarios. La interacción entre ambiente y densidad determina la expresión clínica y el impacto productivo. El monitoreo epidemiológico y el conocimiento de los ciclos biológicos son esenciales para estrategias preventivas eficaces.

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2026-07-13

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Pérez-Lizama, R. A., Sánchez Martínez, J. G., Pérez-Castañeda, R., Vázquez-Sauceda, M. de la L., Blanco-Martinez, Z., Benavides-González, F., … Rábago-Castro, J. L. (2026). Infecciones parasitarias en las etapas tempranas de producción de peces: una revisión. Ciencias Veterinarias Y Producción Animal, 4(1), 36–44. https://doi.org/10.29059/cvpa.v4i1.45