Estrategias de nutrición y alimentación para reducir las emisiones de metano en rumiantes bajo sistemas pastoriles: Una revisión
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29059/cvpa.v1i2.18Palabras clave:
metano, impacto ambiental, producción animal, agostaderosResumen
Los sistemas de producción de rumiantes en pastoreo mantienen un potencial de mitigación de gases de efecto invernadero (GEI), en especial el metano entérico (CH4). En sistemas intensivos de producción de leche bovina se estima una emisión de 1 kg de CO2eq kg de energía-leche corregida (ECM), comparada con > 7 kg de CO2eq kg de ECM en los sistemas extensivos. El objetivo de este artículo fue evaluar las estrategias usados para mitigar las emisiones de CH4 y destacar aquellas con potencial de implementación en los sistemas pastoriles, desde el punto de vista económico y sustentable. Las estrategias de alimentación y modificadores de la biota en el rumen pueden disminuir las emisiones en un rango de 14 a 50%, mientras que reducciones por manejo y selección de rumiantes van de 15 a 30%. La adopción de más de una estrategia en los sistemas pastoriles puede ayudar a mitigar las emisiones de CH4.
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